State of Bureaucracy of Bhutan
©dorjitenzin/mongaralumini@yahoo.com Introduction In 1616 A.D, Ngawang Namgyel, a monk with disputed incarnation issue came in self-exile to Bhutan. Due to repeated Tibetan invasions and revolts of Lam Kha Nga, the need was felt to form a government whose final authority would be bestowed on His Person. The Dual system of governance was born with Je Khenpo Pekar Jungney as first abbot and Umze Tenzin Drugyel as the first Desi (temporal ruler). The Desis were being supported by various subordinates both at the regions and center. Although relatives and cronyism took the precedence over meritocracy in positional hierarchy, the meritocracy and loyalty were also rewarded. There was hierarchy whereby even the courtier could rise up to coveted post of regional governor or even the Desi. One could argue that the rudimentary form of bureaucracy paid from public tax for the maintenance of law and order existed as early as 1651 A.D. They were governed by tenet called „secular law is like Go